Role of insecticides in reducing incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus in peanut
PI(s): Herbert, Jr, David Ames, Malone, Sean
Investigators:
Abstract: Tomato spotted wilt virus (genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae, TSWV), transmitted by many thrips species, is one of the most devastating pathogens of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Recently, TSWV has become a serious problem in the Virginia/Carolina peanut growing region of the United States. During 2002, TSWV was present in 47% of the North Carolina hectarage and caused a 5% yield reduction in Virginia. Factors that influence levels of TSWV in runner market-type peanut cultivars, which are primarily grown in Alabama, Florida, Georgia and Texas have been integrated into a risk advisory to help those peanut growers reduce losses. However, there are inherent differences between runner and virginia market-type peanut cultivars which are primarily grown in the Virginia/Carolina region. In 2003, a preliminary risk advisory was released for virginia market-type peanut grown in the Virginia/Carolina region. One factor in both advisories is the use of insecticides to reduce the vector populations and disease incidence. This research elucidated the influence of insecticides on thrips populations, thrips plant injury, incidence of TSWV, and pod yield in virginia market-type peanut. Eight field trials from 2003 to 2005 were conducted at two locations. In-furrow application of aldicarb and phorate resulted in significant levels of thrips control, significant reductions in thrips injury to seedlings and incidence of TSWV, and significant increases in pod yield. Foliar application of acephate following aldicarb or phorate applied in the seed furrow further reduced thrips plant injury and incidence of TSWV and also improved yield. These findings will be used to improve the current virginia market-type TSWV index.
Description:
Commodities: Peanuts
Resources: Agricultural Experiment Station Facilities
Disciplines: Integrated Pest Management
Audiences: Agribusiness, Commodity Groups, Extension Agents, Producers, Researchers
